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擺動式液壓缸

擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)液壓缸是(shi)輸出扭矩并(bing)實現(xian)往(wang)(wang)復運動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)執行元件，有單(dan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片、雙葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片、螺旋(xuan)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)等幾種(zhong)形式(shi)。葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片式(shi)式(shi)：定子塊固定在缸體(ti)上，而葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片和轉(zhuan)子連接在一起。根據進(jin)油方向，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片將帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)子作往(wang)(wang)復擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)。螺旋(xuan)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi)又分單(dan)螺旋(xuan)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)和雙螺旋(xuan)兩種(zhong)，現(xian)在雙螺旋(xuan)比較常用，靠兩個螺旋(xuan)副降液壓缸內活塞的(de)(de)直線運動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)變為直線運動(dong)(dong)(dong)與自(zi)轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)復he運動(dong)(dong)(dong)，從而實現(xian)擺動(dong)(dong)(dong)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。

液壓缸(gang)(gang)結(jie)構(gou)基本上可(ke)以(yi)分為(wei)缸(gang)(gang)筒(tong)和缸(gang)(gang)蓋、活(huo)(huo)塞和活(huo)(huo)塞桿、密封裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、緩沖裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和排(pai)氣裝(zhuang)置(zhi)五個部分。今天威海力建小編著(zhu)重帶著(zhu)大家了(le)解一下缸(gang)(gang)筒(tong)和缸(gang)(gang)蓋。

 缸(gang)筒和缸(gang)蓋(gai)

一般(ban)來說，缸(gang)筒(tong)和缸(gang)蓋的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)形式(shi)(shi)和其使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)材料有關(guan)。工(gong)(gong)作壓(ya)力p＜10MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)；p＜20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管；p＞20MPa時(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鋼(gang)(gang)或鍛鋼(gang)(gang)。法蘭連(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)簡單，容(rong)(rong)易加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，也容(rong)(rong)易裝(zhuang)拆，但(dan)外(wai)形尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)和重(zhong)量都(dou)較(jiao)大，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鐵(tie)制的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。半環連(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)壁部(bu)因(yin)開了環形槽而削弱了強(qiang)度，為此(ci)有時(shi)要加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)厚缸(gang)壁，它(ta)容(rong)(rong)易加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)和裝(zhuang)拆，重(zhong)量較(jiao)輕，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管或鍛鋼(gang)(gang)制的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。螺紋連(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)端部(bu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)復(fu)雜，外(wai)徑(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)要求保證內外(wai)徑(jing)同心，裝(zhuang)拆要使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)具，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)形尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)和重(zhong)量都(dou)較(jiao)小，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管或鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鋼(gang)(gang)制的(de)(de)(de)缸(gang)筒(tong)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。拉(la)桿連(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)通用(yong)(yong)(yong)性大，容(rong)(rong)易加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)和裝(zhuang)拆，但(dan)外(wai)形尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)較(jiao)大，且較(jiao)重(zhong)。焊接(jie)(jie)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)簡單，尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)(cun)小，但(dan)缸(gang)底(di)處內徑(jing)不易加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，且可能(neng)引(yin)起變形。

、液壓缸低速爬行的現象

　　液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸的活塞桿在(zai)油壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的作用下伸出(chu)或(huo)縮回時，經(jing)常(chang)出(chu)現(xian)速(su)度不均(jun)勻現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)，并(bing)有時伴有振動(dong)(dong)和異響，從(cong)而引(yin)起(qi)整個液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的振動(dong)(dong)，并(bing)帶動(dong)(dong)主(zhu)(zhu)機其(qi)它部件振動(dong)(dong)，在(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)機調(diao)試過程中經(jing)常(chang)出(chu)現(xian)，有時速(su)度快了(le)，這種現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)會(hui)減輕。除因(yin)液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統(tong)管(guan)路(lu)引(yin)起(qi)這種現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)以外(wai)，液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)缸自身產生的振動(dong)(dong)也(ye)經(jing)常(chang)引(yin)發此(ci)類現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)。

原因分析

液壓缸有(you)桿(gan)腔和無桿(gan)腔存有(you)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)而產生(sheng)的(de)低速(su)爬行，由(you)于氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)混(hun)在液壓油中，在壓力的(de)作用下，容(rong)器內體(ti)積變化(hua)，在高壓作用下甚至發生(sheng)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)瞬間，從(cong)而引起(qi)液壓缸的(de)速(su)度(du)不穩定。